Relationship between skeletal muscle mass loss and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese patients with metabolic dysregulation

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between skeletal muscle content and the presence and severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in patients with metabolic dysregulation in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients from the endocrinology outpatient department at Ningbo First Hospital, in Ningbo, China, in April 2021. Adult patients with metabolic dysregulation who accepted FibroScan ultrasound were included in the study. However, those without clinical data on skeletal muscle mass were excluded. FibroScan ultrasound was used to noninvasively evaluate metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. The controlled attenuation parameter was used as an evaluation index for the severity of liver steatosis. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure the skeletal muscle index. RESULTS: A total of 153 eligible patients with complete data were included in the final analysis. As the grading of liver steatosis intensifies, skeletal muscle index decreases (men: Ptrend<0.001, women: Ptrend=0.001), while body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipid, uric acid, aminotransferase, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance increase (Ptrend<0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, a negative association between skeletal muscle index and the presence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease was observed in men (OR=0.691, p=0.027) and women (OR=0.614, p=0.022). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the best cutoff values of skeletal muscle index for predicting the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease presence were 40.37% for men (sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 61.5%) and 33.95% for women (sensitivity, 78.6%; specificity, 63.8%). CONCLUSION: Skeletal muscle mass loss among patients with metabolic dysregulation was positively associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease severity in both sexes. The skeletal muscle index cutoff value could be used to predict metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

The role of vein grafts in reconstructive head and neck microsurgery

Abstract Objective: Free tissue transfer is widely used for head and neck reconstruction. In certain circumstances, vein grafting is required to elongate free flap pedicles to connect them to appropriate recipient vessels. Because of controversy regarding the use of interposition vein grafts in free tissue reconstruction, this paper reports vein graft indications, techniques, safety, and outcomes for head and neck microvascular surgery. Methods: Twenty-six patients (23 men and 3 women) who underwent interposition vein grafting concurrent with free tissue transfer were included in this study. The most common reason for head and neck reconstruction with vein graft was tumor recurrence, followed by flap salvage. The interposition vein grafts were applied in two manners as temporary arteriovenous (A-V) loop and conduit to extend the length of the free flap for venous drainage. Results: The most common reconstructions were anterolateral thigh flaps (15 cases), followed by vastus lateralis myocutaneous (3 cases) and radial forearm (2 cases) flaps. The common recipient vessels were superior thyroid artery, superficial temporal artery and external jugular vein. The free flap loss rate was 7.7% with vein grafts and 4.9 without vein grafts (p = 0.380). The free flap complication rate was 50.0% and 16.8% in patients with and without vein grafts, respectively (p < 0.001). Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, prior neck dissection, and prior free flap transfer were more common in the vein graft group (all p < 0.001). The hospital stay was significantly longer for the vein graft group than for the non-vein graft group (29.5 vs. 19.0 days; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Overall free flap survival rates of 92.3% and 95.1% in the vein and non-vein graft groups, respectively - indicating the reliability of the vein grafts in challenging head and neck reconstructions, particularly in salvage cases and patients with multiple reconstructions. Level of evidence: Level 3.

Treatment and prognosis analysis of perineural invasion on sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) with perineural invasion (PNI), and explore the prognostic value of PNI on sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of 105 patients with sinonasal ACC admitted to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2000 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were restaged according to American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition. Follow-up visits were conducted to obtain information of treatment failure and survival outcome. The Log rank test was used for univariate analysis of prognostic factors, and Cox regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results: The maxillary sinus (n=59) was the most common primary site, followed by the nasal cavity (n=38). There were 93 patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. The treatment modalities included surgery alone (n=14), radiotherapy alone (n=13), preoperative radiotherapy plus surgery (n=10), and surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy (n=68). The median follow-up time was 91.8 months, the 5-year local control (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 72.6%, 73.0%, 52.9% and 78.0%, respectively. There were 33 patients (31.4%) with PNI-positive. The 5-year DMFS, PFS, and OS rates of PNI-positive group were 53.7%, 29.4% and 56.5%, respectively, which were significantly inferior to those of PNI-negative group (80.8%, 63.0% and 86.8%, respectively, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the 5-year LC rate between both groups (64.5% vs 76.5%, P=0.273). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed PNI was one of the poor prognostic factors of DMFS (HR=3.514, 95%CI: 1.557-7.932), PFS (HR=2.562, 95%CI: 1.349-4.866) and OS (HR=2.605, 95%CI: 1.169-5.806). Among patients with PNI-positive, the 5-year LC, PFS and OS rates of patients received surgery combined with radiotherapy were 84.9%, 41.3% and 72.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than 23.3%, 10.0% and 26.7% of patients receiving surgery or radiotherapy alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The presence of PNI increases the risk of distant metastasis in patients with sinonasal ACC. Compared with patients with PNI-negative, the prognosis of patients with PNI-positive is relatively poor, and surgery combined with radiotherapy for PNI-positive sinonasal ACC results in good clinical outcomes.

Animal Model Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis Based on Clinical Syndrome Characteristics of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This study summarized and analyzed the modeling methods， modeling mechanisms， and advantages and disadvantages of existing animal models of acute pancreatitis （AP） with the purposes of replicating animal models more in line with the clinical syndrome characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and Western medicine， improving the basic research of AP， and promoting its in-depth research. Further， the clinical diagnostic criteria of TCM and Western medicine were drawn up， and the agreement was evaluated between animal models of AP and clinical syndrome characteristics of TCM and Western medicine. The results demonstrated that the AP model induced by choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet （CDE）-supplemented diet was highly consistent with the clinical syndromes of TCM and Western medicine， which was simple in operation and small in mortality. However， the modeling did not involve the pathogenic factors of TCM. Although many approaches have been proposed to establish animal models of AP so far， most of the models meet the diagnostic criteria of Western medicine but， lacking the manifestation of TCM symptoms， less agree with the clinical syndromes of TCM. At present， animal models of AP alone are mostly used to study the pharmacodynamics and mechanisms of Chinese and Western medicines， which fail to meet the requirements of syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM theories. Only the animal models of AP which conform to the TCM syndrome characteristics and are basically consistent with clinical syndromes greatly contribute to the essence study of TCM syndromes and the development of innovative Chinese medicines. Therefore， establishing animal models that can simultaneously reflect the clinical syndrome characteristics of AP in both TCM and Western medicine and replicating more realistic， accurate and comprehensive animal models of AP are worthy of further research.

Factors Related to Autonomic Dysreflexia during Intermittent Catheterization in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the occurrence and related factors of autonomic dysreflexia (AD) during intermittent catheterization in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods:Case control study was used in this study. Intermittent catheterization was performed on 44 SCI patients hospitalized from April, 2019 to April, 2020, The data of age, gender, time after injury, segment of injury, degree of injury, resting blood pressure, immediate blood pressure after catheterization, catheterization numbers, catheterization volume and duration of catheterization were collected. Descriptive analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the occurrence and related factors of AD. Results:Totally, AD happened in 26 (59.1%) patients. Urethral catheterization was done 1738 times, out of which AD accounted for 187 times (10.8%). The risk of AD increased with the time after injury and age (P < 0.05). The probability of AD was lower in T7 SCI and below than in T6 SCI and above (P = 0.002). Catheterization numbers, gender, degree of injury, catheterization volume and duration of catheterization were not influencing factors of AD (P > 0.05). Conclusion:It is necessary to have a full understanding for the occurrence of AD in patients with SCI during intermittent catheterization. For patients with SCI in T6 and above, long time after injury and elderly patients, routine monitoring of blood pressure during intermittent catheterization is recommended to detect and deal with AD in time.

Compliance and associated factors of smartphone application usage in child dietary and exercise intervention / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To study the compliance and associated factors of smartphone application (APP) usage in childhood dietary and exercise intervention.@*Methods@#Based on one childhood intervention of diet and exercise in Beijing, Changzhi of Shanxi Province and Urumqi of Xinjiang Province, 694 children (and their primary caregivers) in the intervention group were investigated regarding usage of APP during the intervention. Compliance of APP usage was evaluated by the click times of APP, and Logistic regression models were used to analyze influencing factors of the compliance.@*Results@#The median (inter quartile range) click times of APP in the four modules (information dissemination, behavior monitoring, homework uploading and feedback) were 10 (5，21), 20 (14，26), 7(4，10), 26 (15，53), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis found that compliance of APP usage was higher among subjects in Changzhi region ( OR =1.67，95% CI =1.12-2.48), whose primary caregiver was mother ( OR =1.55，95% CI =1.09-2.22), or whose mother did not work ( OR =0.47， 95% CI =0.31-0.74).@*Conclusion@#Compliance of APP usage was generally high in the childhood intervention of diet and exercise. Some factors are associated with compliance of APP usage. Findings of the study provide a scientific basis for better implementation of APP based childhood interventions of diet and exercise in the future.

Protective effect of paeoniflorin on H / 中国天然药物

This study was to investigate the protective effect of paeoniflorin (PF) on hydrogen peroxide-induced injury. Firstly, "SMILES" of PF was searched in Pubchem and further was used for reverse molecular docking in Swiss Target Prediction database to obtain potential targets. Injury-related molecules were obtained from GeenCards database, and the predicted targets of PF for injury treatment were selected by Wayne diagram. For mechanism analysis, the protein-protein interactions were constructed by String, and the KEGG analysis was conducted in Webgestalt. Then, cell viability and cytotoxicity assay were established by CCK8 assay. Also, the experimental cells were allocated to control, model (200 μmol·L

Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in monocytes derived from patients with primary Sjogren syndrome / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Epigenetics, especially DNA methylation, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS). Our study aimed to reveal the role of DNA methylation in peripheral monocytes of pSS patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 11 pSS patients and five age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells using magnetic microbeads. DNA methylation profiles were generated using Human Methylation 850K BeadChips.@*RESULTS@#In monocytes from pSS patients, we identified 2819 differentially methylated positions (DMPs), comprising 1977 hypomethylated- and 842 hypermethylated-DMPs, corresponding to 1313 unique genes when compared with HCs. IFI44L, MX1, PAARP9, and IFITM1, which influence the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, were among the genes hypomethylated in pSS. Functional analysis of genes with a minimum of two DMPs showed involvement in antigen binding, transcriptional regulation, cell adhesion, IFN-γ pathway, type I IFN pathway, antigen presentation, Epstein-Barr virus infection, human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 virus infection, and metabolic disease-related pathways. In addition, patients with higher serum IgG levels exhibited enrichment in Notch signaling and metabolic-related pathways. Upon comparing monocytes with salivary gland epithelial cells, an important overlap was observed in the cell cycle, cell senescence, and interleukin-17 signaling pathways. The differentially methylated genes were more enriched in the ribosome- and AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB autoantibodies double-positive patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling revealed significant differences in DNA methylation in monocytes isolated from patients with pSS.

Salvianolic acid B decreases interleukin-1β-induced colitis recurrence in mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Degree of mucosal recovery is an important indicator for evaluating the therapeutic effects of drugs in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Increasing evidences has proved that tight junction (TJ) barrier dysfunction is one of the pathological mechanisms of IBD. The aim of this study was to observe whether enhancement of TJ can decrease colitis recurrence.@*METHODS@#Eighty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups including normal group, colitis group, sulfasalazine (SASP) treated group, and traditional Chinese drug salvianolic acid B (Sal B) treated group. Colitis was established in mice by free drinking water containing dextran sulfate sodium, after treatments by SASP and Sal B, recombinant human interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was injected intraperitoneally to induce colitis recurrence.@*RESULTS@#Compared with sham control, cell apoptosis in colitis group was increased from 100.85 ± 3.46% to 162.89 ± 11.45% (P = 0.0038), and TJ dysfunction marker myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) was also significantly increased from 99.70 ± 9.29% to 296.23 ± 30.78% (P = 0.0025). The increased cell apoptosis was reversed by both SASP (125.99 ± 8.45% vs. 162.89 ± 11.45%, P = 0.0059) and Sal B (104.27 ± 6.09% vs. 162.89 ± 11.45%, P = 0.0044). High MLCK expression in colitis group was reversed by Sal B (182.44 ± 89.42% vs. 296.23 ± 30.78%, P = 0.0028) but not influenced by SASP (285.23 ± 41.04% vs. 296.23 ± 30.78%, P > 0.05). The recurrence rate induced by recombinant human IL-1β in Sal B-treated group was significantly lower than that in SASP-treated group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#These results suggested a link between intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction, especially TJ barrier dysfunction, and colitis recurrence. The TJ barrier dysfunction in remission stage of colitis increased the colitis recurrence. This study might provide potential treatment strategies for IBD recurrence.

Relationship between nutrition status and physical fitness in 8-10 year-old children in 3 cities / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To study the relationship between nutrition status and physical fitness in 8-10 year-old children in 3 cities, and to provide a scientific reference for improving physical condition of chidren of pre-school age.@*Methods@#To investigate the weight, height and physical fitness (standing long jump, endurance running, rope skipping in one minute and sit-ups in one minute) of 1 384 children in grade four from 24 primary schools in Beijing, Changzhi, Urumchi in 2018. Evaluated overweight and obesity by using the standard of “Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children”. Then used mixed linear model to compare the physical fitness of students with different nutritional status and to analyze the relationship between BMI and physical fitness.@*Results@#The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 17.41% and 23.48%, respectively. And the prevalence in boys was both more than that in girls(χ2=9.84，47.68，P<0.01). The increase in BMI of children from the same age and the same gender was related with the decrease in physical fitness by correlation analysis(P<0.05). In comparison method, the performance of the students of normal weight was better than obese students, but the male and female students had got the same results in their physical fitness test(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#There is a negative correlation between nutrition status and physical fitness and the physical fitness in normal weight and obese children are better than the overweight children or obese children.

Purification, structure characterization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from Saposhnikovia divaricata / 中国天然药物

Polysaccharide from traditional Chinese herb, Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (SD) was extracted, fractionated and characterized in this work. Four fractions were prepared. Their molecular weight, monosaccharide compositions, linkage modes and structural properties were characterized with SEC-MALS-RI, HPAEC-PAD, GC-MS and NMR. SDP1 was assigned as a 1, 4-α-glucan with small amount of O-6 linked branches. SDP2 contained a big amount of the 1, 4-α-glucan and a small amount of arabinogalactan, while SDP3 possessed relatively lower amount of the 1, 4-α-glucan and a big amount of the arabinogalactan. SDP4 was defined as a pectic arabinogalactan. Four fractions showed antioxidant activities in both molecular and cellular levels and their activity was ranked as SDP4 ≈ SDP3>SDP2>SDP1. The 1, 4-α-glucan in SDP1 had the weakest, while SDP3 and SDP4 showed similar and the highest antioxidant activity. The arabinogalactan was the major component of both SDP3 and SDP4, which significantly contributed to the antioxidant activity of SDP.

Cerebral functional abnormalities in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy: an observational magnetic resonance resting-state study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). However, neurocognitive complications such as memory loss and learning and attention deficits emerge in the survivors of NPC who received RT. It remains unclear how radiation affects patient brain function. This pilot study aimed at finding cerebral functional alterations in NPC patients who have received RT.@*Methods@#From September 2014 to December 2016, 42 individuals, including 22 NPC patients and 20 normal volunteer controls in National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, were recruited in this study. All patients received resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and neurocognitive tests 1 day before the initiation of RT (baseline) and 1 day after the completion of RT; the 20 normal controls were also subjected to the same scans and tests. The amplitude of the low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in blood oxygen level-dependent signals and functional connectivity (FC) were used to characterize cerebral functional changes. Independent t test, paired t test, and analysis of variances were used to obtain statistical significance across groups.@*Results@#After RT, NPC patients showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the calcarine sulcus, lingual gyrus, cuneus, and superior occipital gyrus and showed significantly reduced FC mainly in the default mode network (P < 0.05, corrected by AlphaSim). Relative to the controls, ALFF was decreased in the lingual gyrus, calcarine sulcus, cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal gyrus (P < 0.05, corrected by AlphaSim), and FC reduction was found in multiple cerebellar–cerebral regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampus, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, precuneus, and cingulate cortex (P < 0.001, corrected by AlphaSim).@*Conclusions@#Cerebral functional alterations occur immediately after RT. This study may provide an explanation for the cognitive deficits in the morphologically normal-appearing brains of NPC patients after RT and may contribute to the understanding of the complex mechanism of RT.

Cerebral functional abnormalities in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy: an observational magnetic resonance resting-state study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). However, neurocognitive complications such as memory loss and learning and attention deficits emerge in the survivors of NPC who received RT. It remains unclear how radiation affects patient brain function. This pilot study aimed at finding cerebral functional alterations in NPC patients who have received RT.@*METHODS@#From September 2014 to December 2016, 42 individuals, including 22 NPC patients and 20 normal volunteer controls in National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, were recruited in this study. All patients received resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and neurocognitive tests 1 day before the initiation of RT (baseline) and 1 day after the completion of RT; the 20 normal controls were also subjected to the same scans and tests. The amplitude of the low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in blood oxygen level-dependent signals and functional connectivity (FC) were used to characterize cerebral functional changes. Independent t test, paired t test, and analysis of variances were used to obtain statistical significance across groups.@*RESULTS@#After RT, NPC patients showed significantly decreased ALFF values in the calcarine sulcus, lingual gyrus, cuneus, and superior occipital gyrus and showed significantly reduced FC mainly in the default mode network (P < 0.05, corrected by AlphaSim). Relative to the controls, ALFF was decreased in the lingual gyrus, calcarine sulcus, cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal gyrus (P < 0.05, corrected by AlphaSim), and FC reduction was found in multiple cerebellar-cerebral regions, including the cerebellum, parahippocampus, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, precuneus, and cingulate cortex (P < 0.001, corrected by AlphaSim).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cerebral functional alterations occur immediately after RT. This study may provide an explanation for the cognitive deficits in the morphologically normal-appearing brains of NPC patients after RT and may contribute to the understanding of the complex mechanism of RT.

Anti-tumor effect and mechanisms of shikonin on gliomas / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Shikonin has anti-tumor activity,and it not only can inhibit the proliferation,migration and infiltration of glioma cells,but also induce necroptosis of glioma cells via promoting the production of reactive oxygen species.Shikonin combined with endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitors or regulatory tactics of microRNA expression may further enhance its killing effect on gliomas.Shikonin armed by nanoparticles shows increased targetability to gliomas.Shikonin combined with tumor-targeted therapeutic drugs or chemotherapeutic drugs is expected to overcome the drug resistance of glioma cells.

Effects of thyroid hormone on macrophage dysfunction induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein / 生理学报

It has been recognized that patients with hypothyroidism have higher risks of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, however, the mechanisms are largely unknown. Considering that macrophage dysfunction plays an important role in the formation and development of atherosclerosis plaques, this study aimed to investigate the direct effects of thyroid hormone on macrophage functions and to provide new insight for the mechanism of hypothyroid atherosclerosis. RAW264.7 cells (mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage cell line) were incubated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) to establish macrophage foam cells model in vitro, and the protective effects of different concentration of thyroxine (T4) on the macrophage foam cells function were explored. The proliferation, migration and cell aging of macrophages were detected by MTT method, scratch test and β-galactosidase staining respectively. The ELISA method was used to detect the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Western blot analysis was applied to measure the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which was required for the process of proliferation and migration of macrophages. The results showed that oxLDL significantly inhibited the macrophage proliferation and migration, induced cell senescence, and promoted the secretion of TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-1β; while T4 reversed those effects of oxLDL on macrophage in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, oxLDL increased the phosphorylation of FAK in macrophage, while T4 concentration-dependently reversed the effect. These results suggest that T4 modulates macrophage proliferation, migration, senescence, and secretion of inflammation factors in a concentration-dependent way.

Clinical value of combined detection of tumor biomarkers in diagnosis , pathological typing and clinical staging in lung cancer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of combined detection of serum carcinoembryonic an-tigen(CEA) ,carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA125) ,cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA21-1) ,squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) antigen ,neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and plasma progastrin-releasing peptid(ProGRP) in the diagnosis ,pathological typing and clinical staging in lung cancer .Methods The serum CEA ,CA125 , CYFRA21-1 ,SCC ,NSE levels and plasma ProGRP level were detected by adopting the chemiluminescent mi-croparticle immunoassay method in 378 cases of lung cancer ,200 cases of benign lung diseases and 200 people undergoing healthy physical examination .Results The levels and positive rates of CEA ,CA125 ,CYFRA21-1 , SCC ,NSE and ProGRP in the patients with lung cancer were significantly higher than those in the patients with benign lung diseases and healthy control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);in the single index detection ,the biomarkers of highest positive rate in adenocarcinoma ,squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma were CEA ,CYFRA21-1 and SCC ,NSE and ProGRP respectively .The sensitivi-ty ,specificity ,accuracy ,negative predictive value and positive predictive value of combined detection of these 6 indexes were 92 .86％ ,85 .00％ ,88 .17％ ,92 .64％ and 85 .40％ respectively ,except the specificity and positive predictive value were slightly decreased ,the levels of other indexes were higher than those of single index de-tection .The aresa under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of CEA ,CA125 ,CYFRA21-1 ,SCC ,NSE and ProGRP were 0 .775 ,0 .778 ,0 .891 ,0 .585 ,0 .710 and 0 .620 respectively .The area under ROC curves of the combined detection was 0 .950 .The positive rates of CA125 ,CYFRA21-1 ,NSE and the combined detection in the patients with stage Ⅲ ,Ⅳof lung cancer were obviously higher those in the patients with stageⅠand Ⅱof lung cancer ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);the combined detection obviously improved the positive rates for the diagnosis in the patients with different stages of lung cancer .Conclusion The combined detection of CEA ,CA125 ,CYFRA21-1 ,SCC ,NSE and ProGRP is conducive to improve the di-agnosis performance and early detection rate for lung cancer ,differentially diagnosing different pathological types of lung cancer and judge the clinical stage of lung cancer .The combined detection of 6 tumor biomarkers is an ideal diagnosis index of lung cancer .

Significance of monitoring non-invasive cardiac output parameters on the treatment of premature infants with patent ductus arteriosus / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of monitoring non-invasive cardiac output parameters in medical treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants.Method Premature infants with PDA diagnosed three days after birth (gestational age:28 ～ 31 weeks or birth weight of 1 000 ～ 1 799 g) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of our Hospital from February 2016 to August 2016 were enrolled in the study.These premature infants were assigned into treated PDA group (the treatment group) and untreated PDA group (the observation group) based on results of non-invasive cardiac output parameters CI and MD,with aorta CI ≥2.95 L/(min · m2),MD ≥21.50 m/min and pulmonary artery CI ≥4.55 L/(min · m2),MD ≥26.50 m/min as cut-off values.Statistical analysis was carried out using t test,x2 test.The closure rate of arterial duct of two groups and changes in non-invasive cardiac output parameters before and after the closure of arterial duct in the treatment group were compared.Result The overall closure rate of arterial duct was 85.1％ (57/67).The closure rate of arterial duct of the treatment group was 70.8％ (17/24),that of the observation group was 93.0％ (40/43),and the difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05);Comparing the following parameters before and after ductal closure in the treatment group,the difference of pulmonary artery flow time (FT),aorta stroke volume index (SVI) and the integral of the flow profile (Vti) had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05) [(217.6±19.3) ms vs.(235.8 ±21.4) ms,(22.4±6.0)ml/m2 vs.(25.2 ±7.7)ml/m2,(15.1 ± 4.1) cm vs.(17.2 ±5.3) cm].In the treatment group,after arterial duct was closed,aorta and pulmonary artery CI,MD decreased to some degree,but the difference had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Non-invasive cardiac output parameters including aorta and pulmonary artery CI,MD have certain guiding significance for PDA drug treatment among premature infants;after PDA drug treatment,arterial duct closure condition cannot be judged simply by the changes of aorta and pulmonary artery CI,MD,ultrasonic cardiogram examination results should also be considered.

Comparison between Let-7a and U6 as an internal reference for RT-qPCR of miRNAs in rat cartilage / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To evaluate the stability of U6 and let-7a as internal reference genes of miRNAs in RTqPCR by using femoral head samples of cartilage tissue from inbred DA rats.Methods Total RNA was extracted from femoral head cartilage tissues of female DA rats at three different time points,i.e.at birth (D0),ablactation (D21) and maturation (D42).The expressions of different miRNAs (miR-1,-25,-26a,-140,-146a,-150,-181a,-195,-223 and-337) were detected by RT-qPCR using U6 or let-7a as the internal reference.The two sets of miR expression were compared with the results from Solexa sequencing in our pioneer work to evaluate the stability of the two internal references.Results The relative values of U6 (P =0.045) and let-7a (P =0.021 5) revealed significant difference in the D42 sample.Both in U6 and let-7a systems,miR-26a,-140,-223,and-337 showed a similar tendency in expression and quantification but miR-1 and-146a did not have significant differences.miR-25,-150,-181a and-195 differed significantly (P＜0.05).Comparison of absolute quantification results between the two generations' sequencing showed that let-7a is more stable than U6.Conclusion Let-7a is more suitable to be used as the internal reference gene in RT-qPCR for miRNAs in cartilage tissue.